A Sense Of Autonomy And Self Control Essay - 1569 Words

Familial relationships play a vital role in the lives of individuals. Humans form and foster relationships early on in development. Within the first years of life, infants rely on their primary caretakers in order to meet their physical, emotional, social, and psychological needs. As children grow older, they learn to meet their own needs by means of self-regulation. This means to self-regulate is fostered through the attachment cycle, a foundation for relationships that creates and provides a way to adjust and adapt to future experiences, building a sense of autonomy and self-efficacy within the child. Today, many children face parental divorce, and their family dynamic and attachment cycle are altered. Divorce disrupts daily lives and often traumatizes children, affecting their self-perception and concepts of regular behavior. The stress and frustration endured by parents if often carried over to the children. The stress associated with divorce impacts the lives of children and puts them at risk for emotional, physical, academic, and psychological problems. Keywords: divorce, separation, trauma, relationship The Effects of Divorce on Development Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors Case Study Catherine, a 9-year-old child in third grade, has lately been disruptive within the classroom. She has not been behaving as usual: calm, social, easy to please, and joyful. Recently, she has had explosive behavior, throwing tantrums in the classroom during transitionsShow MoreRelatedThe National Quality Standard And Early Years Learning Framework Essay1671 Words   |  7 Pagesworld independently. It is, therefore, imperative that early childhood settings foster autonomy and develop age-appropriate social and emotional skills. This increasing independence must be fostered for children to grow, develop and become allowing them to function independently (autonomy). This is emphasised strongly through both the National Quality Standard and Early Years Learning Framework. This sense of autonomy can only be fostered if early childhood centres develop age-appropriate social andRead MoreEriksons Eigh Life-Span Stages at Stage 2902 Words   |  4 Pagesgroup, we decided to f ocus on Erikson’s Eight Life -Span stages which at stage 2, autonomy versus shame and doubt. As we focus on this stage, Erik Erikson usually more focus at â€Å"psychological view† of development. Autonomy versus shame and doubt is at stage 2 and it is in early childhood, infancy 1 year until 3 years. This stage is about the development of the greater sense of personal control on the children self. Besides, this stage also the conflict of toddlerhood and it been resolves positivelyRead MoreMy Class Of Third Grade Children1472 Words   |  6 PagesPerception For my class of third grade children I believe that their ability of goal perception and acceptance will vary greatly. For the eight students who are relatively free of learning disabilities and behavioral problems will be able to self-perceive and understand the goals at hand. They will not only be able to comprehend the goals, but they will most likely Bye-Into the goal resulting in him/her putting in maximum effort and energy to achieve the goal him/herself. These students willRead MoreAutonomy: A Personality Trait1655 Words   |  7 PagesAutonomy The notion of personal autonomy is a characteristic that many individuals seek to find throughout their life. The term autonomy originates from the Greek words auto (self) and nomos (law) and means self-management (Senturan, Kose, Sabuncu, Ozhan, 2012). Individuals who experience the characteristic of autonomy during their lives will often have an intense desire for their personal freedom and will set moderate goals for themselves that will enhance their well-being and independence. RadelRead MoreAutonomy Means Behaving And Thinking Independently Of Others1528 Words   |  7 PagesAutonomy means behaving and thinking independently of others (Woo, 2014). As per Oxford dictionary (2014), autonomy is â€Å"the right or condition of self-government†; â€Å"Independence†; â€Å"Freedom from external control† and as per Webster dictionary, autonomy is â€Å"the state of acting separately from others†; â€Å"the state of being self-governing†. So, auton omous people are considered as self-directed, self-controlled and having the capacity to choose their own destiny. In the childhood context, autonomy meansRead More Eric Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development Essay example1434 Words   |  6 Pages2006). The second stage is autonomy verses shame and doubt. This occurs from about 18 months of age to 3 years old. The basic virtue of this stage is will; can they do things on their own or do they require the help of others? Erikson believed that children around this age wanted to develop a greater sense of self-control. It is important so gain personal control, and it’s vital to this stage. Toilet training is key in this role because it gives the â€Å"sense of control over the body and a feelingRead MoreErik Erikson s Explanation Of Psychosocial Development1504 Words   |  7 Pageslife (â€Å"A Child’s World). â€Å"To Erikson, the sequence of the stages are set by nature. It is within the set limits that nurture works its ways† (â€Å"Erikson’s Stages of Development†). â€Å"Developmental scientists study three major domains, or aspects, of the self: physical, cognitive, and psychosocial. Growth of the body and brain, sensory capacities, motor skills, and health are parts of physical development. Learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity make up cognitive developmentRead MoreErik Erikson s Life Span Development Theory1269 Words   |  6 Pageschild’s eyes, offering skin to skin contact between the child and caregiver, and interacting with the child by responding to their playfulness. These actions help an infant to build a connection and develop trust for their caregiver. Outward signs of autonomy can be examined through the infant’s actions. If an infant lets their mother leave them without great distress, they have learned that they can trust them to come back. Infants who allow others to hold and touch them show that they have developedRead MoreSelf Determination And Personality : Edward Deci And Richard Ryan Essay1610 Words   |  7 PagesSelf-Determination and Personality Edward Deci and Richard Ryan first developed the concept of self-determination. They thought that to truly understand human functioning and well-being, researchers must assess the agentic nature of human behavior. The main focus of the theory concerns human motivation and personality. People are often motivated by an external factor such as rewards or praise but they are also intrinsically motivated. The intrinsic motivators are not usually externally rewarded butRead MoreNotes On Trust Vs. Mistrust1339 Words   |  6 Pagesmonths of age. During the first or even up to the second year of life mothers and fathers are looked to as any autonomy that the baby learns. The child develops hope and trust through the mother/father or caretaker if, the child is taken care of properly. Mistrust towards the world is created when he or she does not experience a blanket full of security, emotionally stable events or a sense of optimism. Important events such as feeding can help determine whether or not a child will learn to trust

What Is Spanish for Foster Child

Translating terms from English to Spanish can be a challenge when Spanish-speaking listeners might not be familiar with the social and cultural factors involved.An example is trying to translate foster child. The problem is that the term refers to a specific legal arrangement that exists in the United States, and there isnt always an exact equivalent elsewhere. So if you need precision in communicating your idea, you may need to explain what it is that you mean. Quick research indicates that possible terms you might use for foster child include nià ±o en acogida  (literally, a child taken in, a term used in Spain) or nià ±o en adopcià ³n temporal  (literally, a temporarily adopted child, a term used in at least three South American countries). But its hard to say if either one of these terms would be universally understood correctly without explanation. This may sound like a copout, but if youre  referring to the arrangement thats common in the United States, what you  might choose to do is simply adopt the English word and give a brief explanation: nià ±o foster. Thats not an original idea — a quick web search finds many U.S. school districts doing exactly that in their Spanish-language documents. Such a translation may not be pretty, but sometimes these solutions are the best that can be done.

The Theory Of Belief And Its Effect On Human Psychology

The concept of belief without evidence such as faith based ideologies and certain religiosities are a commonplace in the human experience. These types of belief systems, like any large scale life conviction, can impact human psychology. It would seem that beliefs in general can affect human behavior, perception, cognitive function and in turn, possibly the brain itself. For the purposes of clarity, (as the term ‘religious belief’ can have a rather broad definition and the term ‘belief without evidence’ is questionable) this paper will often use the term ‘faith based belief’ to reference these ideas. Studies on this issue, due to differences in scope, have yielded a wide variety of results. One might be able to make assumptions regarding the general impact of a certain belief. Such as the assumption that an individual’s belief in a loving and caring god might positively influence this person’s wellbeing. However, many of the finding s derived from the results of these studies are less unequivocal. Faith based beliefs can foster both positive and negative consequences in regards to human psychology. Functional magnetic resonance imaging is often used in relevant studies involving these belief systems in order to observe the areas of the brain that are affected. The basis of faith based belief systems is an important issue in psychology and other fields. Kapogiannis et al. (2009) explains how the nature of these beliefs in respect to biology is a point of controversy andShow MoreRelatedSocial Psychology: The Study of Influences Essay1420 Words   |  6 Pagestrying to understand criminal behavior, â€Å"why† has always been a question that has been explored. Psychology, or the study of â€Å"why†, has been attempting to answer such questions for centuries. Although there are many answers (reflected in the number of schools of psychology), Social psychology attempts to explain the environmental factors that lead to a person behavior. By definition, Social Psycho logy is â€Å"the study of the manner in which the personality, attitudes, motivations, and behavior of theRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Mind And The Body1646 Words   |  7 PagesPhilosophy of mind had come across when philosophers had an idea of the concepts regarding the human mind and its mysteries. This branch of psychology had intended to elaborate and study the nature and aspects of the human mind, also how these concepts such as mental events, mental functions and consciousness would connect to each other, through the human brain and body. Philosophy of mind became one of the central areas of philosophy as the skills and abilities of metalizing are used to treat individualsRead MoreSocial Psychology And Its Impact On Individual Behavior1262 Words   |  6 PagesSocial psychology has evolved through history and its developments and contributions have been remarkable. This specialized area of psychology studies various topics that are significant for human beings (Ross, Lepper , Ward, 2010). This paper presents with an overview of social psychology by addressing its central themes, strengths, limitations, relevance, and the significance of cultural considerations. Central themes Three central themes are apparent in social psychology research. These themesRead MoreThe Psychological Effects Of Conspiracy Theories1166 Words   |  5 Pagesknown as conspiracy theories. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, the official definition of conspiracy theory   is â€Å"a theory that explains an event or set of circumstances as the result of a secret plot by usually powerful conspirators.† These theories can range from minor events, to large scale terrorist attacks. A few well known theories include, Bill Clinton caused 9/11, the Earth is flat, and a reptilian race is planning to take over the Earth. Conspiracy theories can inflict variousRead MoreShould Psychology Be Considered As A Science?1353 Words   |  6 Pageswhether Psychology can be regarded as a ‘science’. According to the Oxford Dictionary of Psychology (Coleman, 2009) Psychology can be defined as the ‘scientific study of human behaviour and cognitive processes.’ S cience is generally defined as the ‘systematic way or method of obtaining knowledge’ (Merriam-Webster, 2008). When we think of science, we think of Biology, Chemistry and Physics. Psychology is often thought of as just ‘common sense’, however many of the perspectives in Psychology such asRead MoreThe Question in the Origins of Psychology is What Drives Us and Why722 Words   |  3 Pagesthe humans around us has been studied by many great historical scholars such as Aristotle and Descartes. Scholars like these would ask psychological questions about what drives us and why. It was not until the late nineteenth century that psychological research was considered as its own scientific discipline. Psychology began in 1879 when a man named Wilhelm Wundt set up a psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. This laboratory would be considered the birth place of experimental psychology. WithinRead MoreHuman Behavior And The Functions Of Humans1632 Words   |  7 PagesToday, we use psychology to study human behavior and the functions of humans. We incorporate science to help us test possible theories and proceed with experiments that could help bring answers to society. The biggest thing with Science is that theories and hypotheses must be falsifiable and replicable. Science must have terms that can be universally used and understood by everyone. Descartes, James, Freud and Skinner all had trouble grasping that idea. Flanagan goes into detail about these famousRead MoreCommon Criticisms in Psychology Paper1486 Words   |  6 PagesCommon Criticisms in Psychology Paper University of Phoenix August 9, 2009 Common Criticisms in Psychology Paper The artificiality of inventive conditions in experimental environments is a repeated concern. How real can laboratory-based research be? This paper will explain the criticism of artificiality in the discipline of psychology and apply this criticism to at least three sub disciplines within psychology. This paper will also compare and contrast the breakthrough model of scientificRead MoreCognitive Psychology And The Management And Treatment Of Mental Illness1352 Words   |  6 Pageswould be applied to the management and treatment of mental illness. Also I will explain the theories of two psychologist highlighting their strengths and weaknesses and there similarities and differences. AC1.1, AC3.1 Biological psychology looks at the biological aspects of behaviour. It looks at how the brain s structure, chemistry, activity and genetic make-up etc. relates to behaviour. Cognitive psychology focuses on the way the brain processes information, how people perceive, understand, makeRead MoreCarl Jung and Sigmund Freud1412 Words   |  6 Pageswere two individuals whose theories on human personality would completely affect the way that people viewed the human mind. Carl Gustav was a practicing psychotherapist while Sigmund Freud created the discipline of psychoanalysis. The two men had seemingly identical beliefs about human behavior, but also had contrasting beliefs about concepts such as the ego, the psyche, and the state of unconsciousness. Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud’s Theories Sigmund Freud’s beliefs about personality were based

Essay on Snow Storm Baby - 1007 Words

Snow Storm Baby The year was 1992; a cold December arctic wind had brought a chance of snow to the area. It was the weekend and time to relax after a long hard week at work. The weather service had predicted several inches of snow to blanket the region by the next day. Not to worry: it was the weekend and traveling was not a necessity. At the time, my wife Jeanne was pregnant with our soon-to-be daughter Tahlyn. We had waited eight long months for her to arrive, and finally her due date was getting closer and closer. The excitement grew stronger as the days went by. By Friday afternoon it had begun to snow and quickly several inches had accumulated. As the snow was falling, clean up quickly began. The neighborhood soon†¦show more content†¦The Christmas season was just two weeks away, and I really didn’t mind the snow. I’ve always enjoyed a white Christmas because it sets the mood for the holiday season. By this time I was getting cold and tired from the never ending shoveling, so I decided man against the weather just wasn’t working. I would finish the clean up after it stopped snowing. So I headed back to the house to dry out and have some hot chocolate to take the chill off and settle in for the night. My wife, who was now nine months pregnant, began experiencing labor pains. We would surely be making a trip to the hospital in the middle of the night. That’s when my greatest fear set in. Like a child peering from a window, looking for old Saint Nick on Christmas Eve, I too found myself with my face pressed against the glass scouring the landscape in hopes it would all melt within the next ten minutes. But, in fact eight more inches of snow had fallen in that short period of time. What I had shoveled earlier was like nothing I would soon have to endure. I would have to move fast and get the job done if we were to make it to the hospital in time. After checking on my wife and making sure she was comfortable, I proceeded to the task of snow removal 101. The snow, now up to my knees, seemed to go on forever. Periodically, I would check on my wife. Her labor pains were getting closer together and time was running out. Finally, the snow had been cleared, and IShow MoreRelatedSilas Marner , Literary Analysis1174 Words   |  5 Pageshe acquiescenced to adopting and raising her. The baby was Godfrey and Mollys daughter, Molly was going to get revenge on Godfrey walking through a snow storm but died in the snow from drugs and alcohol and then froze to death. Eppie was in Mollys arms when she fell into the snow and she went to Silass village in front of the hearth. Silas found Eppie at his cottage and his first thought was his money had been returned but really it was a baby girl (Eliot, 93). When he went to Squirre Cass aboutRead MoreSymbolism Of Rain In Ernest Hemingways A Farewell To Arms1246 Words   |  5 PagesWorld War 1 . When Frederic Henry physically changes location, there is a shift in the book as well, in terms of the tone and mood, typically to one of increased frailty and brokenness. Additionally, weather, and the change thereof, in the form of rain, snow, clouds, and sun, take on the symbolic power of changing the tone and foreshadowing events. Rain in A Farewell to Arms has the denotations of either washing away the old, or flooding and destroying the existing, which gives it connotations of eitherRead MoreImportance Of Winterize Your Home862 Words   |  4 Pageswill look at it for you for a minimal fee. If you look at it yourself, you will want to check for loose shingles, missing shingles or cracks. If you have recently had hail, you may have actual dings and dents where gravel is missing. If you have had storm damage, you might want to turn in a claim to your insurance company. Check the flashing and make sure that it isn’t bent or rusted. You will also want to check any caulk ing and make sure it is still property affixed and not cracked so water can’tRead MoreYou Need A Stronger Intro. Como Que Is Too Direct. The1152 Words   |  5 Pagesdelivered the baby, but she was unsuccessful in keeping him alive. She was officially arrested in 2014, but her sentencing took place in January of 2017. The midwife, Vickie Sorensen, should be prosecuted because she refused to take the mother to the hospital, she was unprepared, and she was working without a medical license. The first reason is that Vickie Sorensen dispensed the idea of taking the mother to the hospital after she had been warned how risky the situation was. The baby was about 33Read MoreDescriptive Essay About My Perfect House1132 Words   |  5 Pagesbeautiful than I will ever be. She tells me I’m crazy, that I am already prettier than she is. I think she says that to make me feel better. We are in my extravagant room in our Mansion. The walls are covered in pink floral wallpaper. My bed is baby pink ruffles. Dolls I haven’t touched since my fifth birthday, claiming I was too old for them, litter the shelving above my bed. My room is huge, there is much more space than I would ever be able to fill up. I find it odd that we have such a bigRead MoreThe Flood Has Changed History Forever Essay1182 Words   |  5 Pagesstops, the whirlpool get frozen in place. When new deposits of sand and mud are added on top of these layers, the pressure forces the water out, turning the wet sand into stone. All of these landscapes show what happened after the flood. The earths snow melted by the change in atmosphere. How it happened was, volcanism  at mid-ocean ridges  injected  massive amounts of carbon dioxide into the oceans, which eventually makes its way to the surface. The further sea level dropped, therefore, the moreRead MorePolar Bear Evolution Is a Continuing Story Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pagesof the polar bear also resulted in curved, needle-sharp claws for clinging to ice and grabbing prey. In addition, they developed large, partially webbed paws to assist with swimming. On land, their enormous paws are useful for traveling across loose snow and the paws provide a bigger area to spread their weight across on thin ice. Another adaptation is the polar bear’s longer neck which is needed to keep their head above water when swimming (Polar Bear Evolution 1995). All of these characteristicsRead MorePrenatal Genetic Testing Raise Ethnic Issues1570 Words   |  7 PagesIn Improvements in Prenatal Genetic Testing Raise Ethnic Issues, R. J. Crayton produced an article about prenatal testing and whether or not parents should be allowed to have these tests done. First the situation of a high risk baby who will have a disability o r defect after birth, so the parents decide to abort the child is being viewed as an inequality to the disabled community. Secondly, certain adoptions are put on hold since the biological parents chose to not carry the unborn child throughRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm1142 Words   |  5 PagesOn September 14, 1812, French leader Napoleon Bonaparte entered the Russian capital of Moscow in an attempt to get a response from the leader of Russia, Czar Alexander I. Though, they were met with an empty city and no response from the Czar. â€Å"With snow flurries having already fallen, Napoleon led his army out of Moscow on October 19, realizing that it could not survive the winter there,† wrote Jesse Greenspan of History. Bonaparte realized that his army could not survive the winter; however, overRead MoreScience And The Two Men s Discovery1322 Words   |  6 PagesIn the following months, the group continued their journey making progress every day through wind a nd snow. On February 11, 1805, Sacagawea gave birth to a baby boy whom she names Jean Baptiste. April 29, 1805 Lewis and another hunter came across a large grizzly bear, killing it instantly because they were not aware of the animal’s capabilities. Turns out that the grizzly bear had not been described to science and the two men’s discovery changed science. As the warmer weather started to settle in

Effects of Small Town Wal-Mart Essay Sample free essay sample

Small concern is at the bosom of the economic systems of little towns all over the United States. Yet. large box shops like Wal-Mart and Target are turning progressively popular in these same communities. This is because they are able to supply a broad assortment of goods and services and the lowest monetary values possible. In weaker economic systems. these convenient and thrifty options can assist stretch a family’s billfold and minimise the clip it takes to run a family. However. these benefits come at a cost. Many have argues that Wal-Mart destroys any competition in a little town. destroying little concerns. There are besides statements sing societal and logistic concerns related to holding a Wal-Mart in your town. Most noteworthy to the concerns environing Wal-Mart are the economic concerns. To the mean citizen life comparatively near the Wal-Mart. economic concerns should tip the graduated tables in favour of Wal-Mart. We will write a custom essay sample on Effects of Small Town Wal-Mart Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The retail merchant maintains some of the most competitory monetary values on the market. Shops frequently sell a huge assortment of good at deal monetary values. Even if you do non really shop at Wal-Mart. the mere presence of Wal-Mart lowers monetary values in a community. Harmonizing to Wal-Mart. com â€Å"the mean American household saves $ 2. 500 a twelvemonth regardless of where they shop. since Walmart’s presence and leading helps maintain monetary values low. † ( Walmart-Stores. Inc. 2012 ) . It is easy to see how salvaging $ 2. 500 a twelvemonth can look appealing. However. this same thought can do local concern to band against Wal-Mart. Most little concerns already monetary value their goods every bit low as they can and still bring forth a net income. Being forced to monetary value merchandises lower can close down many of these concerns. Additionally. these little shops can non afford to stock the sort of stock list that Wal-Mart maintains. In many countrie s. Wal-Mart has devastated the little concern driven down town. Though Wal-Mart makes it hard for little concerns to last. they are a major employer. In fact. Wal-Mart is the biggest private employer in the United States. Supplying these occupations can truly assist the occupants of a little town and environing towns. Unfortunately. the benefits for working at Wal-Mart are non considered top-notch. Harmonizing to Robert Reich ( 2012 ) â€Å"the mean worker at America’s largest employer makes merely $ 8. 81 an hour† . Additionally. they pay on mean 27 % less on benefits so the mean American corporation. They besides take a strong base against the brotherhood. This is a major blow against brotherhoods and concerns that belong to brotherhoods. When such a major force comes into a community and takes a base against brotherhoods. the brotherhoods may crumple all together. This place has caused a batch of picketing outside Wal-Mart shops. Extra concerns around Wal-Mart root from logistical inside informations. Wal-Mart generates a batch of traffic. While big communities can manage this traffic. a little town might go engorged. Many Wal-Marts have been crushed before they began over something every bit simple as a bend lane or halt visible radiation. They besides attract an array of clients that otherwise would non halt in many of these little towns. This can be good if these clients shop at other shops around town. However. if these clients are of the unscrupulous sort. Wal-Mart may be a hurt to little town safety. Construction of a shop the size of Wal-Mart is frequently a major project. It requires a serious committedness to even acquire the shop off the land. Finding the infinite can ensue in the supplanting of unwilling parties. Some locations have been protested because of the location. whether historical land or the shop merely created an eyesore. Of class. Wal-Mart protagonists might state that many shops impro ve the usage of land they were built on. Ultimately. the value of Wal-Mart comes down to the community it is in. Many little towns have thrived after the reaching of Wal-Mart. and many have degraded. It is no inquiry that Wal-Mart is one of the most popular and controversial shops in the United States. However. if it is right for your town must be a affair of great argument and consideration. Mentions Walmart-Stores Inc. ( 2012 ) . Shoppers Spending $ 100 a Week Could Save AnAverage $ 700+ A Year on Similar Packaged Groceries at Walmart. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //news. walmart. com/news-archive/2008/09/12/shoppers-spending-100-a-week-could-save-an-average-700-a-year-on-similar-packaged-groceries-at-walmart. Reich. R. ( 2012 ) . Why You Shouldn’t Shop at Wal-Mart on Friday. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //prospect. org/article/why-you-shouldnt-shop-wal-mart-friday.

Performance Management Appraisal Program Alliance Healthcare

Question: Discuss about the Performance Management Appraisal Program Alliance Healthcare. Answer: Introduction The most essential part of the work that Human Resource Managers and Executives perform all through the year is managing employee performance. The importance is nowhere less than managing financial resources or program result because the magnitude of employee performance shows extensive results on both financial resources as well as components of program of an organization ("How to Outline a Performance Appraisal Program", 2017). The Performance Management Appraisal Program (PMAP) of Alliance Healthcare is designed to meet the supposition of the employees. It offers a significant process that can reward an employee for a notable contribution towards the organization. This will help the organization to make the necessary improvements in order to achieve success at every level. Alliance Healthcare is an Australian healthcare recruitment service provider that came into existence in the year 2002. It recruits healthcare professionals, nurses, and carers from overseas and local markets who are eligible for Australian healthcare facilities or organizations ("About Alliance Health Nursing recruitment agency Alliance Health", 2017). The services are provided by keeping in mind the particular needs of both candidates and clients. Alliance Healthcare believes that performance management is the organized process of: Planning the work and framing expectations Continuous monitoring of the performance Develop the ability to perform Rating the overall performance regularly Giving rewards to the notable performance The interviews are organized with management to hire the best people for the position. The candidate is hired after evaluating on various parameters. These parameters include knowledge, skills, behaviour, and attitude of individual that are required to fulfil the requirements of the job. The performance management appraisal program will clarify the expectations of employees, improvement in self-assessment and performance will be observed and most importantly employees will be satisfied with their job that will increase the productivity of their particular department and overall, the organization will be benefited ("Performance Management Appraisal Program (PMAP)", 2017). Performance Management Appraisal Program In todays world, organizations are starving to function properly. There is need to set a link between the goals of the organization and everyday actions. When the employees do not perform according to the business strategy, both the resources and time are wasted. It is this time when Performance Management Appraisal Program is needed. It corrects the performance of employees and optimize the productivity. The PMAP of Alliance Healthcare for employees is described below: Workforce The workforce is assessed on the basis of number of employees and the work oriented to them. In Alliance healthcare, the total number of employees working and the position on which they are working and their departments will be considered. The various positions in Alliance healthcare are: Workers, Training Supervisor, Trainer, Rating Official, Asst. HR Manager, Training Manager, Recruiter, Recruiting Manager, Human Resource Manager, Benefits Coordinator, Benefits Manager, Compensation Analyst, Compensation Manager, Recruitment Director, Organizational Development Director, Human Resource Director. Employee Performance Plan In every successful organization, planning is done before any wok. This planning includes the expectations and goals of individuals with respect to the objectives of the organization. In Alliance healthcare, if an employee fails to do any particular task, it affects the overall performance and will result in employees removal, transfer to a lower grade or reassignment. Alliance Healthcares employee performance plan includes the individual performance outcomes that contributes to the strategic goals of the operational department. The management will emphasise on following points to determine the exact critical performance elements for their employees: In strategic plan of department, the goals and objectives are clearly mentioned. Specific individual performance goals of employees of a department in accordance with annual performance plan of Alliance Healthcare. The specific objectives and goals of operational division of that particular department. Description of the position of Employee. Legal and regulatory requirements. Feedback from the customers. Employee input. There will be few benchmark standards based on which the performance of employees will be measured. There will be five levels of benchmarking. In increasing order, they are: Achieved Unsatisfactory Results Expected Results Achieved Partially Expected Results Achieved More than Expected Results Achieved Outstanding Results Achieved These critical performance elements and standards achieved by the employee will be documented and signed by the designated officer and employee. Further, a review officer will again check the process and then approve/disapprove. Monitoring Performance To monitor the performance in Alliance Healthcare, following factors will be considered: Feedback during Performance Cycle The performance cycle of employees in Alliance Healthcare will be of 30 calendar days from the: Starting of appraisal period Joining of duty by employee Task assigned to the employee Promotion of an employee to a new position This feedback will address the employee performance in accordance with the objectives of the department and further organization against the performance benchmark standards. The rating official will decide the source of data and ensure the accurate, timely and effective rating is given to employees. Midyear Review It will be ensured that every employee gets at least one formal review during the appraisal period. The rating official will discuss the performance with subordinate employees during the appraisal period as it is necessary if the employee is not performing according to the objectives. The factors that will be considered are: Reviews from customers about their work. Does the employee require training? Does the employee work efficiently in challenging environment? Giving/Receiving feedback regularly. Any further support needed by employee. Developing Employees The performance management process of Alliance Healthcare will develop the needs of employees. During the above two processes of planning and monitoring it becomes clear that which deficiencies of an employee needs to be addressed. The development of employees will be of two types: Formal Development The employees will be trained in traditional method i.e. in classrooms about healthcare services and the areas where they need development. An Individual Development Plan (IDP) will be made consisting of following elements: Assessment: This will include the past employment and training records. The employee will be free to ask from peer employees, supervisors, and HR staff members. The doubts will be clarified. Discussion: The employee and supervisor will discuss the results of assessment, objectives, description of the job, etc. The employee will be supported by supervisor. Implementation: After completing the task, the employee will report to the supervisor. The employee and supervisor will meet several times to discuss IDP. Evaluating the Employees Performance Based on the performance against the benchmarks and the objectives, the employees will be rated by the rating official. The customers and colleagues will be consulted besides self-assessment of employees and other performance related statistics. This rating official will perform a thorough meeting with the employee about performance based on the following guidelines: All the previous performance plans of the employee should be complete. All the noteworthy discussions regarding objectives in accordance with the standards should be done with employee. The session should be conducted in a calm and professional environment, focusing on the work-related issues and performance. The official should summarize of employees overall performance. The summary document should have all the concerns regarding employee based on the feedback. The rating official will then provide the rating according to the performance and signed by both official and employee. Rewarding Employees Performance The performance awards are given to employees after seeing their rating. The employees who receive 5 points (highest) will receive a 5% of the salary (based on the last working day of rating cycle) as reward. The employees with rating 4 will receive 4% of their salary and with 3 will receive 3% of their salary. The employees with ratings 2 and 1 will not be eligible for rewards. The employees with poor performance will dealt with actions to improve their performance. The promotion will be paused and performance will be discussed with the supervisor. The one with rating 1 will get a written notice about the performance failure and an opportunity to show performance under a Performance Improvement Plan (PIP) where specific assistance will be provided by feedback and the employee will be coached for better performance. Misconduct versus Unsatisfactory Performance It is important to know whether the Achieved Unsatisfactory Result (rating 1) level is because of the poor performance of the employee or because of misconduct. Sometimes, both are inter-related and sometimes poor performance is the result of misconduct. In Alliance Healthcare, if an employee gets rating 1, it may be because of the incapability to perform according to the goals and objectives or the second reason may be the failure to follow the rules or bad behaviour towards peer employees or property of company. In both the cases, employee can be removed from the company if proved guilty. Developing IDP (Individual Development Plan) Both Employee and Rating official will jointly develop an individual development plan that will be a link between the career interests of employee and the goals and objectives of the company. The goals of IDP will be: Learning of new skills for better performance in current job. To maximize the current performance with respect to the objectives of the organization. To increase the interest, and satisfaction for the current position. To gain essential knowledge, skills for the career growth. This will help them to achieve career goals according to the objectives of the organization. An IDP can be said as a partnership between the rating officer and the employee and the target is development of the employee. Organizing Interviews The interviews are very important part in the hiring process. As the core business of Alliance Healthcare is recruiting persons for different healthcare centres in Australia, so this interview will be for the position of Management Trainee which will further given the position of Asst. HR manager on successful completion of training period. The interviewer is HR Manager and the time duration will be 45 minutes. The questions will be categorized as: To know the facts Creative-thinking Ability to solve problems Behavioural The following set of 25 questions will be helpful while interviewing: Tell me about Yourself and your working experience in Healthcare Recruitment Sector? What was the size of your last team? Did you like the previous working environment? Describe Yes or No. Why did you leave your last job? What are your core competencies with respect to healthcare sector? Where do you see yourself in next 5 years? Where do you see the healthcare sector in next 5 years, especially the challenges? Suppose that you are an HR Manager and your team is delaying the training process of new employees. How will you speed up the process of your team? Or How do you deal a stressful situation at work? What is Healthcare Delivery? Who is a bilingual individual? Define cultural issues faced in healthcare system? What according to you is customer service? What can be our expectations from you in first 3 months? How do you define yourself as a team player? What all do you know about healthcare terminology? In your previous job, did you made any suggestion that was implemented? If Yes, describe. Discuss your experience with creating employee recognition and rewards programs? Suppose that you are at HR Managers position in Alliance Healthcare. Then tell me, what will be the most difficult decision for you while recruiting? Have you ever had a conflict with your peer or seniors? How you resolved it? Have you ever fired anyone in your previous jobs? How would you deal when it comes to firing a person, if it is required? When it comes to start a fresh relationship with a client, how do you usually start? Why do you want to work at Alliance Healthcare? How long can you commit to work with us? What salary are you expecting? Do you want to ask any questions? After this interview, the HR manager will take the decision to select the candidate or not. If selected, the follow-up will be done for any fact-checking or background information noted during interview. Then an offer letter needs to be drafted. References 95 healthcare interview questions and answers. (2017). Slideshare.net. Retrieved 29 May 2017, from https://www.slideshare.net/scottjohnson072/top-10-healthcare-interview-questions-with-answers About Alliance Health Nursing recruitment agency Alliance Health. (2017). Alliancehealth.com.au. Retrieved 27 May 2017, from https://www.alliancehealth.com.au/about/ Agrizzi, D., Jaafaripooyan, E., Akbarihaghighi, F. (2010). 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